Amorgos was originally inhabited during this 5th millennium BC. In its three ancient settlements, i.e. Aigiali, Minoa and Arkesini, both the Cycladic and the Mycenaean civilization flourished. Throughout its history, the Mylesians and the Naxians colonized Amorgos. It was also a member of the first Athenian League. It consequently became dependant on the Macedonians, the Ptolemy’s, the Samians, the Rodians and the Romans.
The island was Christianized in the 4th millenium AC. The invasions of the pirates made the inhabitants use both the castle of Chora and the “Kastri” in Kato Meria as forts.
The monastery of Virgin Mary Chosoviotissa, which was built by the emperor Alexios Komninos II in 1088, proves this presence of the Byzantine Civilization on the island. After the end of the Turkish domination, the first Greek High School was established by the monastery itself in Chora in 1829.